Stormwater creates two major problems: flooding and pollution. The first requires the management of the volume and timing of water. The second calls for effective treatment solutions. Purification allows it to go to bodies of water without harming the environment or those who live there. It also makes stormwater a feasible water source in arid climates.
Pollution is becoming a greater issue because of the reduced vegetation and increased urban development. More ground surfaces are now impervious to water such as roads, buildings, and parking lots. Less rain can get into the soil so more runoff is generated.
The runoff carries pollutants along with it such as heavy metals, suspended solids, petroleum hydrocarbons, and the like. Designing stormwater treatment solutions require the consideration of several factors such as the type of contaminants, the flow rate, and the catchment size.
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